Ropa naftowa

Polish Geological Institute

National Research Institute

Department of Deposits and Mining Areas Information

Crude oil

In 2010, eighty two crude oil fields were proven in the area of Poland. 29 of these fields are situated in the Carpathian Mts, 11 in the Carpathian Foreland, 40 in the Polish Lowlands and 2 in the Polish economic zone of the Baltic Sea. Oil fields of the Carpathian Mts and Carpathian Foreland have had a long history as this is the area of the world's first commercial production of crude oil. However, nowadays these fields are almost exhausted. The Polish oil fields of the largest economic importance are now those situated in area of the Polish Lowlands. In 2010, resources of the Polish Lowlands accounted for 74.5 % of total exploitable crude oil resources of Poland. Resources of the Polish economic zone of the Baltic Sea were the second largest, accounting for 20.5 % of the total exploitable resources. Resources of the Carpathian Foreland and Carpathian Mts accounted for 3.0 % and
2.0 % respectively.

In the Polish Lowlands, oil fields are related to traps in the Permian, Carboniferous and Cambrian rocks. Polish Lowlands oil is of the medium paraffin type, with paraffin content ranging from 4.3 to 7.4 %, content of sulfur slightly above 1 % and density ranging from 0.857 to 0.870 g/cm³. The majority of these traps are of the massive type, with gas cap expansion drive and with passive role of water. The Barnówko-Mostno-Buszewo oil and gas field is the largest in Poland. Its resources of crude oil were found to be twice larger that the total domestic resources before its discovery. Other large oil fields situated in this region include the Lubiatów, Grotów and Cychry oil fields.

In the Carpathian Mts, oil fields occur in several tectonic units, mainly in the Silesian unit. The oil fields are related to traps of the structural or sometimes structural-lithological type, mainly of the type of oil layer surrounded by water. Production is initially driven by the expansion of natural gas dissolved in oil and subsequently by gravity driven drainage.

Carpathian crude oils represent the methane type and are considered „sweet” because of negligible content of sulfur. Their density ranges from 0.750 to 0.943 g/cm³ and content of paraffin – from 3.5 to 7 %. Resources of Carpathian oil fields are generally small, depending on size and character of structures with which they are related. The resources are largely exhausted in result of many years of exploitation.

The Carpathian Foredeep oil fields are related to traps in Mesozoic sedimentary rocks (Jurassic carbonate rocks and sometimes Cretaceous sandstone series) of the platform type, overlain by the Tertiary and usually sealed with layers of impermeable Miocene clays. Crude oil density ranges from 0.811 to 0.846 g/cm³, content of paraffin from 2.32 to 9.37 % and sulfur content from 0.45 to 0.85 %.

Resources of developed oil fields account for 96.0 % of total domestic resources.

There are crude oil fields occurying in Poland presented on the map.

The table presented below shows resources of oil and condensate and the current state of their exploration and development.

Table 1

CRUDE OIL - thousand tonnes

Total

oil

condensate

	Number of deposits	Exploitable resources				Economic resources in place as part of anticipated economic resources
	Number of deposits	anticipated economic			anticipated sub- economic
		Total	A+B	C
TOTAL RESOURCES	82	25,242.41	10,784.61	14,457.80	537.25	16,993.56
		23,771.61	10,760.90	13,010.71	537.25	16,928.54
		1,470.80	23.71	1 447.09	-	65.02
including resources of exploited deposits
Total -	66	24,660.58	10,633.92	14,026.66	155.36	16,993.18
		23,333.78	10,629.21	12,704.57	155.36	16,928.16
		1,326.80	4.71	1,322.09	-	65.02
Baltic Sea	2	5,252.91	575.32	4,677.59	-	5,252.91
		5,252.91	575.32	4,677.59	-	5,252.91
		-	-	-	-	-
Carpathians	29	440.65	326.44	114.21	149.73	89.49
		439.02	326.31	112.71	149.73	89.49
		1.63	0.13	1.50	-	-
Polish Lowland	29	18,715.13	9,482.30	9,232.83	5.63	11,549.28
		17,394.54	9,482.30	7,912.24	5.63	11,484.26
		1,320.59	-	1,320.59	-	65.02
Carpathian Foreland	6	251.89	249.86	2.03	-	101.50
		247.31	245.28	2.03	-	101.50
		4.58	4.58	-	-	-
including resources of non-exploited deposits
Total -	8	437.74	108.29	329.45	329.53
		293.74	89.29	204.45	329.53	-
		144.00	19.00	125.00	-	-
Polish Lowland	5	321.81	108.29	213.52	-	-
		177.81	89.29	88.52	-	-
		144.00	19.00	125.00	-	-
Carpathian Foreland	3	115.93	-	115.93	329.53	-
		115.93	-	115.93	329.53	-
		-	-	-	-	-
including abandoned deposits
Total -	8	144.09	42.40	101.69	52.36	0.38
		144.09	42.40	101.69	52.36	0.38
		-	-	-	-	-
Polish Lowland	6	144.09	42.40	101.69	1.43	0.38
		144.09	42.40	101.69	1.43	0.38
		-	-	-	-	-
Carpathian Foreland	2	-	-	-	50.93	-
		-	-	-	50.93	-
		-	-	-		-

In 2010, exploitable resources of crude oil and condensate totaled 25.78 million tonnes, decreasing by 0.51 million tonnes in relation to the previous year. That decrease of resources was the result of the output.

Domestic production of crude oil and condensate from onshore and offshore totaled 667.46 thousand tonnes in 2010, rising by 5.5 thousand tonnes in relation to the previous year. Table 2 shows crude oil and condensate production in individual regions of the country.

Table 2

Production of oil and condensate – thousand tonnes

Total

oil

condensate

		From resources in place
	Total	anticipated economic			anticipated sub- economic
		Total	A+B	C
TOTAL	667.46	656.47	566.15	90.32	10.99
	667.00	656.01	566.15	89.86	10.99
	0.46	0.46	-	0.46	-
including:
Baltic Sea	186.83	186.83	110.81	76.02	-
	186.83	186.83	110.81	76.02	-
	0.00	-	-	-	-
Carpathians	25.09	20.99	20.06	0.93	4.10
	25.09	20.99	20.06	0.93	4.10
	0.00	-	-	-	-
Polish Lowland	435.95	429.06	415.75	13.31	6.89
	435.49	428.60	415.75	12.85	6.89
	0.46	0.46	-	0.46	-
Carpathian Foreland	19.59	19.59	19.53	0.06	-
	19.59	19.59	19.53	0.06	-
	0.00	-	-	-	-

The figure given below shows changes in resources and production of oil in Poland in the years 1989-2010.

In 2010 crude oil import amounted to 22.088 million tonnes and increased in comparison with 2009 by 2.138 million tonnes. directions of Polish import and export of crude oil are presented in table 3.

Table 3

Directions of Polish import and export of crude oil

IMPORT				EXPORT
	Country	Quantity	Value		Country	Quantity	Value
		(thousand tonnes)	(PLN thousand)			(thousand tonnes)	(PLN thousand)
Crude oil
	Total	22,088.33	37,188,482		Total	0.00	28
1	Russia	20,761.18	34,679,251	1	Ukraine	0.00	24
2	Norway	1,142.44	2,175,783	2	Latvia	0.00	4
3	Columbia	97.19	160,286
4	Denmark	84.86	157,508
5	France	1.14	8,968
6	United Kingdom	0.43	2,906
7	Germany	0.35	2,507
8	Czech Rep.	0.48	728
Petroleum products
	Total	6,164.93	13,365,440		Total	3,789.35	7,090,083
1	Russia	1,517.99	3,113,850	1	Denmark	777.37	1,026,269
2	Germany	1,292.15	3,005,796	2	Netherlands	641.94	1,021,442
3	Lithuania	672.96	1,370,432	3	Sweden	311.48	586,099
4	Slovakia	515.42	1,111,948	4	Germany	231.98	568,469
5	Belarus	480.86	999,198	5	Czech Rep.	261.21	566,612
6	Kazakhstan	518.16	967,167	6	United Kingdom	222.28	470,701
7	Finland	245.91	538,771	7	Ukraine	159.52	406,770
8	Netherlands	145.45	360,807	8	Estonia	111.75	251,588
9	Czech Rep.	189.68	359,784	9	Lithuania	111.42	236,160
10	Sweden	134.19	251,431	10	Hungary	68.27	167,373
11	Hungary	84.92	188,365	11	Russia	105.14	167,280
12	Belgium	44.75	161,448	12	Belgium	60.58	146,717
13	France	45.31	156,220	13	Slovakia	65.45	142,054
14	Latvia	50.47	114,504	14	United States	95.44	137,329
15	Italy	15.34	94,379	15	Ireland	57.31	132,767
16	Denmark	61.14	92,921	16	Norway	76.62	118,494
17	Ukraine	40.19	90,842	17	Romania	79.08	113,544
18	China	16.10	73,421	18	Austria	38.87	88,471
19	Austria	11.16	72,452	19	France	25.66	65,606
20	United Kingdom	24.70	69,762	20	Finland	30.21	63,315
21	Uzbekistan	20.16	57,770	21	Egypt	20.20	59,149
22	Norway	14.73	32,215	22	Stocks	32.66	55,638
23	Cyprus	10.46	22,400	23	Singapore	29.66	43,653
24	Spain	1.64	13,256	24	Latvia	16.91	42,401
25	Turkmenistan	3.86	10,218	25	Cyprus	14.77	39,256
26	United States	0.59	4,923	26	Brazil	12.18	35,417
27	Romania	1.51	3,997	27	China	12.47	33,702
28	Switzerland	0.45	3,703	28	Turkey	8.83	26,352
29	Canada	0.57	3,449	29	Italy	8.66	23,079
30	Japan	0.17	3,201	30	Switzerland	11.81	22,200
31	Israel	0.57	2,659	31	Slovenia	5.26	17,501
32	Brazil	0.54	2,511	32	Nigeria	6.86	16,533
33	Bosnia and Herzegovina	0.62	1,966	33	Morocco	6.96	15,296
34	India	0.47	1,877	34	Jordan	6.40	14,666
35	Estonia	0.68	1,677	35	Croatia	3.57	14,065
36	Greece	0.09	894	36	Tunisia	4.45	13,275
37	Ireland	0.11	793	37	Belarus	1.61	10,818
38	Turkey	0.16	714	38	Senegal	8.06	9,942
39	Indonesia	0.23	680	39	Serbia	2.93	9,699
40	Malta	0.04	580	40	Spain	3.06	9,262
41	Slovenia	0.04	445	41	Portugal	2.67	7,849
42	South Korea	0.03	378	42	Bosnia and Herzegovina	1.96	7,145
43	Netherlands Antilles	0.11	298	43	Equatorial Guinea	5.44	6,874
44	Countries not stated (beyond EU)	0.11	284	44	Israel	2.18	6,669
45	Jamaica	0.02	241	45	Countries not stated (beyond EU)	2.17	6,514
46	Bulgaria	0.02	181	46	Azerbaijan	1.32	6,175
47	South Africa	0.01	180	47	Greece	1.55	5,566
48	Equador	0.02	172	48	Côte d'Ivoire	3.98	5,208
49	Gabon	0.01	79	49	Kazakhstan	0.73	4,372
50	Countries not stated (from EU)	0.00	74	50	Bulgaria	0.90	3,434
51	Portugal	0.01	47	51	Uzbekistan	0.58	2,879
52	New Zeland	0.00	38	52	Philippines	1.85	2,824
53	Mexico	0.00	22	53	Peru	0.68	2,476
54	Luxembourg	0.00	7	54	Kyrgistan	0.68	2,302
55	Kuwait	0.00	5	55	Iceland	0.64	2,293
56	Thailand	0.00	3	56	United Arab Emirates	0.42	2,283
57	Pakistan	0.00	1	57	Kenya	1.92	2,234
58	Turks and Caicos Islands	0.00	1	58	New Caledonia	1.61	1,909
59	Maleysia	0.00	1	59	Afghanistan	0.47	1,716
				60	Bangladesh	0.56	1,589
				61	Georgia	0.36	1,557
				62	Bahrain	0.51	1,431
				63	Guinea	0.96	1,095
				64	Tajikistan	0.22	1,091
				65	Burkina Faso	0.92	1,089
				66	Vietnam	0.36	1,078
				67	Moldova	0.17	936
				68	Benin	0.76	878
				69	Mauritania	0.62	718
				70	Gabon	0.48	584
				71	Canada	0.12	552
				72	Macedonia	0.10	501
Natural bitumines
	Total	336.86	863,577		Total	134.62	495,360
1	Russia	145.18	390,111	1	German	53.79	172,796
2	Czech Rep.	67.67	142,061	2	Czech. Rep.	18.99	96,248
3	Sweden	25.79	103,335	3	France	14.98	53,583
4	Germany	48.64	91,016	4	Slovakia	10.19	46,697
5	Hungary	29.50	60,617	5	Luxembourg	7.88	28,417
6	Ukraine	10.51	32,627	6	Slovenia	7.34	24,701
7	France	4.36	22,774	7	Netherlands	5.07	17,723
8	Netherlands	0.69	4,324	8	Austria	4.30	14,532
9	Italy	0.94	3,882	9	Latvia	3.22	10,876
10	United States	0.70	3,477	10	Italy	2.13	7,551
11	Thailand	0.30	2,181	11	Belgium	1.78	5,984
12	Austria	0.69	1,593	12	Sweden	1.30	4,351
13	United Kingdom	0.27	1,401	13	Hungary	0.89	3,281
14	Slovakia	0.15	611	14	Ukraine	0.44	1,451
15	Spain	0.70	546	15	Turkey	0.31	1,037
16	Belgium	0.04	399	16	Lithuania	0.39	819
17	Japan	0.04	398	17	Spain	0.20	775
18	Denmark	0.08	311	18	Russia	0.15	673
19	Switzerland	0.05	306	19	Romania	0.35	584

List of oil and condensate fields (pdf)

Accepted abbreviations:

B - for solid minerals - mine in building process, for fuels - prepared for exploitation or trial period of the exploitation

E - exploited

G - underground natural gas storage facilities

M - deposit crossed out of the annual report of mineral resources during analized period

P - deposit covered by preliminary exploration (in C₂+Dcategory, for fuels – in C category)

R - deposit covered by detailed exploration (in A+B+C₁category, for fuels – in A+B category)

Z - abandoned deposit

T - deposit exploited temporarily

K - change of the raw material in deposit

Back to the website "Mineral resources of Poland".

Prepared by: Martyna Czapigo